“Hartal.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hartal. Retrieved 11 October 2022. Hartal (pronounced [ɦəɽ.t̪aːl]) is a term in many Indian languages for strike action first used during the Indian independence movement (also known as the nationalist movement) of the early 20th century. A hartal is a mass protest that often involves a total closure of workplaces, offices, shops and courts and a form of civil disobedience similar to a labor strike. This is not only a general strike, but also the voluntary closure of schools and commercial buildings. It is a way of appealing to the sympathy of a government to overturn an unpopular or unacceptable decision. [1] A hartal is often used for political reasons, for example by an opposition party protesting against a government policy or action. Subscribe to America`s largest dictionary and get thousands of other definitions and an advanced search – ad-free! hartal (plural hartal-hartal, possessive hartalku in the first person, possessive hartalmu in the second person, possessive hartalnya in the third person) hindi haá¹tÄl, from hÄá¹ shop + tÄlÄ lock Start your free trial today and get unlimited access to America`s largest dictionary with: You must – there are more than 200,000 words in our free online dictionary, but you are looking for one that is only included in the complete Merriam-Webster dictionary. This article related to activism is a stub.
You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. From Sanskrit हरिताल (haritāla, “yellow orpiment”). Can you beat the previous winners of National Spelli? Hartal is step 118 of Gene Sharp`s 198 methods of nonviolent action. [2] The term was revived in modern Malaysia as Hartal Doctor Kontrak, a doctors` strike in July 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic in response to the lack of permanent employment opportunities. [4] [5] Join our community to access the latest language learning and assessment tips from Oxford University Press! From Hindi हड़ताल (haṛtāl), from Gujarati હડતાલ (haḍtāl), હડતાળ (haḍtāḷ), from Sanskrit हट्ट (haṭṭa) + तालक (tālaka). Hartals are still common in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and parts of Sri Lanka, where the term is often used to refer specifically to the Ceylon Hartal of 1953. Find the answers online with Practical English Usage, your go-to guide to problems in English. Borrowed, via Hindi हड़ताल (haṛtāl), from Gujarati હડતાળ (haḍtāḷ), હડતાલ (haḍtāl), literally “locking company”. The word is used to refer to various general strikes in the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s, such as the All Malaya Hartal of 1947 and the Penang Hartal Uprising of 1967. [3] The term comes from Gujarati (હડતાળ, haḍtāḷ or હડતાલ, haḍtāl) and means the closure of shops and warehouses in order to satisfy demand.
Mahatma Gandhi, who was originally from Gujarat, used the term to refer to his pro-independence general strikes and effectively institutionalize the term. The contemporary origins of this form of public protest date back to the colonial era of Indian history. Unpopular policies, especially in the area of taxation by colonial authorities and princely states, often triggered such local public protests, as in Benares and Bardoli. [3] Find out which words work together and create more natural English with the Oxford Collocations Dictionary app.
